A bearing is a machine element, which supports other moving machine elements (known as journal). It permits a relative motion between contact surfaces of members, while carrying the load. Due to the relative motion between the contact surfaces, a certain amount of power is wasted in overcoming the frictional resistance and if the rubbing surfaces are in direct contact, there will be rapid wear. In order to reduce frictional resistance and wear and in some cases to carry away the heat generated, a layer of fluid (lubricant) may be provided. The lubricant used to separate the journal and bearing is usually mineral oil refined from petroleum, but vegetable oils, silicon oils, greases etc. may be used.
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